Pre-cancerous changes to the skin can look different from person to person, and can range from subtle to easily visible. Generally, pre-cancerous skin changes appear as small, rough bumps; thick, scaly patches; or flat lesions that are a different color than normal skin.
The most common pre-cancerous skin changes are actinic keratosis (AK) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC). AKs are small, rough patches of skin that may be pink, tan, or white in color and can sometimes feel like sandpaper. BCCs are scaly patches of skin with a reddish, pinkish, or brownish color, and can sometimes appear as a sore that bleeds, oozes, or crusts over.
People with fair skin, blue or green eyes, and red or blond hair are at a higher risk of developing pre-cancerous skin changes due to more exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. These changes are often found on sun-exposed areas, such as the face, ears, neck, and scalp. Pre-cancerous skin changes can also be caused by repeated exposure to certain chemicals, such as tar and arsenic, as well as radiation therapy.
If you notice any changes to your skin, it is important to see a dermatologist for a proper evaluation. They will be able to examine the changes and determine the best course of action. Early detection and treatment of pre-cancerous skin changes can help to reduce the risk of them becoming malignant.