Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder that affects bone formation. The disorder is caused by a defect in the gene that is responsible for forming collagen, a protein that gives bones their strength and flexibility. People with OI have bones that are weak and brittle, which can lead to fractures and other bone problems. OI can range from mild to severe, and can affect people of any age.
Symptoms of Osteogenesis Imperfecta
People with OI may experience a variety of symptoms, ranging from mild to severe. Common symptoms include:
• Bone fragility – bones are weak and brittle, making them more prone to fractures
• Joint pain – bones may be weakened, making them more susceptible to injury
• Skeletal deformities – bones may be curved or misshapen
• Short stature – people with OI may be shorter than average
• Blue sclera – the whites of the eyes may appear blue due to thinning of the sclera
• Hearing loss – due to the fragility of the bones in the inner ear
Diagnosis of Osteogenesis Imperfecta
OI is typically diagnosed through a physical exam, medical history, and lab tests. Imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRIs may also be used to diagnose OI. Genetic testing may be performed to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment for Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Treatment for OI depends on the severity of the condition and the symptoms present. Treatment may include physical therapy, medications, surgery, and assistive devices.