Hemolytic anemia is anemia that occurs when red blood cells (RBCs) are destroyed faster than they can be produced in the bone marrow. It is a type of anemia that can be serious and life-threatening if left untreated.
What Causes Hemolytic Anemia?
Hemolytic anemia can be caused by a variety of factors, including inherited disorders, drugs, toxins, and infections.
Inherited Disorders: Hemolytic anemia can be caused by a number of inherited disorders, including sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, and enzyme deficiencies.
Drugs & Toxins: Hemolytic anemia can also be caused by certain drugs and toxins, such as penicillin, quinine, and arsenic.
Infections: Finally, hemolytic anemia can be caused by certain infections, such as malaria, Epstein-Barr virus, and cytomegalovirus.
What Are the Symptoms of Hemolytic Anemia?
The symptoms of hemolytic anemia vary depending on the underlying cause, but can include fatigue, jaundice, shortness of breath, and dark urine.
How Is Hemolytic Anemia Diagnosed?
Hemolytic anemia is usually diagnosed with a complete blood count (CBC) and a peripheral blood smear. Additional testing may be done to determine the underlying cause of the anemia.
How Is Hemolytic Anemia Treated?
The treatment for hemolytic anemia depends on the underlying cause. Treatment may include drugs to reduce red blood cell destruction, blood transfusions, or, in some cases, bone marrow transplant.
