Crescendo angina is a type of chest pain that can indicate the onset of a heart attack. It is caused by a narrowing of the coronary arteries, which supply the heart muscle with oxygen-rich blood. The narrowing of the arteries is caused by a build-up of plaque, a substance made up of cholesterol, fat, calcium, and other substances in the blood. This build-up of plaque restricts the flow of blood to the heart, causing angina, or chest pain.
Crescendo angina is characterized by a gradual increase in the intensity and duration of the chest pain over time. It can be a warning sign of an imminent heart attack and should be taken seriously. Symptoms of crescendo angina include chest pain that is constant and not relieved by rest or medication, shortness of breath, and nausea.
If you experience crescendo angina, seek medical attention immediately. Your doctor may order tests to determine the cause of the chest pain and to rule out other causes. Treatment may include lifestyle changes to reduce risk factors, such as quitting smoking and increasing physical activity, as well as medications to control cholesterol levels and blood pressure. Surgery may also be an option if the artery blockage is severe.