Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a term used to describe a range of related neurodevelopmental conditions. It affects how people communicate and interact with others, as well as their behavior and cognitive abilities. Symptoms of ASD can vary from mild to severe and can include challenges with social interaction and communication, restricted and repetitive behaviors, and sensory sensitivities.
ASD is a spectrum disorder, meaning that its symptoms can present in a wide range of combinations and severities. Some people with ASD may have only mild difficulties with social interaction and communication, while others may have more severe difficulties. People with ASD may also have challenges with sensory processing, including sensitivity to certain sounds, sights, or textures.
People with ASD may also have difficulty with emotional regulation and can experience anxiety, depression, or other mental health issues. They may also have difficulty processing information and understanding abstract concepts like emotions or humor.
ASD is diagnosed based on a comprehensive evaluation, including a medical history, physical exam, and psychological evaluation. Diagnosis often begins with a screening for developmental delays and may include other assessments such as an autism-specific assessment or genetic testing. ASD is a lifelong condition, and early diagnosis and intervention can help improve outcomes for those affected.