A Chiari headache is a type of headache that is caused by a structural abnormality of the skull and spine. The condition is referred to as a Chiari malformation, with the primary symptom being a persistent headache that can range in intensity from mild to severe. The pain associated with a Chiari headache is typically located in the back of the head, neck, or upper shoulders and can be described as a dull, throbbing sensation. Additionally, Chiari headaches may be accompanied by nausea, dizziness, and blurred vision.
The intensity of the headache can be affected by physical activity, such as coughing, straining, or bending over. It is also common for the headache to worsen in the mornings and improve throughout the day. Other signs and symptoms of a Chiari headache may include tinnitus, difficulty swallowing, and changes in hearing.
The diagnosis of a Chiari headache is usually made through a physical examination combined with imaging tests, such as an MRI. The treatment of a Chiari headache is focused on relieving the pressure on the brainstem, which requires the use of medications, physical therapy, and sometimes surgery.