Ankylosing spondylitis is a type of arthritis that primarily affects the spine, however, other joints and organs may be affected as well. It can cause severe and debilitating pain and a decrease in mobility. Although ankylosing spondylitis is a distinct condition, there are other conditions that can mimic its symptoms and lead to a misdiagnosis. Knowing the other conditions that can mimic ankylosing spondylitis can help to ensure an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an umbrella term for chronic conditions that cause inflammation in the digestive tract. Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are the two most common types of IBD. These conditions can cause similar symptoms to ankylosing spondylitis, including abdominal pain, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, and fatigue. It is important to note that IBD can cause inflammation of the spine, although this is usually found in the lower back, unlike ankylosing spondylitis which usually affects the neck and upper back.
Psoriatic Arthritis
Psoriatic arthritis is a type of arthritis that affects people with psoriasis, a skin condition characterized by red patches of skin covered with silvery scales. It can cause similar symptoms to ankylosing spondylitis, including stiffness, pain, and swelling in the joints. It can also lead to the formation of new bone around the joints, which can be mistaken for the fusion of bones that occurs in ankylosing spondylitis.
Reactive Arthritis
Reactive arthritis is an inflammatory condition that occurs as a result of an infection in another part of the body. It is sometimes referred to as “reactive spondyloarthropathy,” as it can cause similar symptoms to those of ankylosing spondylitis, including pain and stiffness in the lower back.
Fibromyalgia
Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and sleep disturbances. It can cause similar symptoms to ankylosing spondylitis, such as stiffness and pain in the joints, and can often be mistaken for the condition.
Spinal Stenosis
Spinal stenosis is a condition in which the spinal canal narrows and compresses the nerves. It can cause similar symptoms to ankylosing spondylitis, such as pain, numbness, and tingling in the arms and legs.
Infections
Some infections, such as tuberculosis and Lyme disease, can cause symptoms that are similar to those of ankylosing spondylitis. These infections can lead to pain, swelling, and stiffness in the joints, as well as fatigue and fever.
An accurate diagnosis is essential for proper treatment and symptom management. If you have any of the above conditions or symptoms that may be related to ankylosing spondylitis, it is important to see your healthcare provider for further evaluation and a proper diagnosis.