Psoriasis is a common skin condition that causes red, scaly patches on the skin. It is estimated that up to 7.5 million Americans are affected by this chronic inflammatory disorder. The exact cause of psoriasis is unknown, but it is believed to be the result of an abnormal immune system response. While there is no cure for psoriasis, there are treatments available to reduce symptoms and flare-ups.
Risk Factors
While the exact cause of psoriasis is unknown, certain risk factors may increase the likelihood of developing the condition. These include:
• Age: Psoriasis can affect people of any age, but it is most commonly seen in adults between the ages of 15 and 35.
• Genetics: People with a family history of psoriasis are more likely to develop the condition.
• Environment: Exposure to certain environmental triggers, such as cigarette smoke, extreme temperatures, and stress, may increase the risk of developing psoriasis.
• Certain medications: Certain medications, including beta-blockers, lithium, and certain antimalarial drugs, can trigger psoriasis.
• Obesity: Being overweight is associated with an increased risk of developing psoriasis.
Diagnosis
Psoriasis is typically diagnosed based on a physical examination of the skin. A doctor may take a skin sample and look at it under a microscope to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment
The primary goal of psoriasis treatment is to reduce inflammation and itching. Treatment options may include topical medications, such as corticosteroids and vitamin D analogues, and systemic medications, such as methotrexate and cyclosporine. Phototherapy, or light therapy, is another option that can help reduce symptoms.
In some cases, lifestyle changes may also help reduce symptoms. These may include avoiding triggers, such as stress and certain medications, and eating a balanced diet.