Neuroblastoma is a type of cancer that develops in certain types of nerve cells, usually in the adrenal glands, chest, neck, or spinal cord. It is most common in children younger than five years old, and it affects more boys than girls. While the exact cause of neuroblastoma is not known, there are several potential factors that may increase a person’s risk.
Genetics
It is believed that certain genetic mutations can increase a person’s risk of developing neuroblastoma. In some cases, a person may inherit a genetic mutation from a parent that increases their risk. In other cases, the mutation may occur spontaneously during the development of the fetus.
Environmental Factors
Exposure to certain environmental factors, such as radiation, may also increase a person’s risk of developing neuroblastoma. Exposure to toxins, such as pesticides, may also play a role.
Medical Conditions
Certain medical conditions and treatments may increase a person’s risk of developing neuroblastoma. For example, some children with Down Syndrome may have an increased risk. Additionally, people with a family history of neuroblastoma may be more likely to develop the condition.
Diagnosis and Treatment
If a person is suspected to have neuroblastoma, they will typically undergo a series of tests and scans to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment for neuroblastoma may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy. In some cases, a combination of treatments may be used.