Marcus Gunn pupil is an eye phenomenon that occurs when the pupils of the eyes react asymmetrically to light stimulation. It is caused by an interruption of the normal nerve pathways between the eye and the brain. This phenomenon is named after Scottish ophthalmologist Sir Marcus Gunn.
What is Marcus Gunn Pupil?
The Marcus Gunn pupil is a condition in which the pupils of the eyes do not respond in the same way to light stimulation. One pupil will constrict while the other pupil will dilate. This condition is also known as a relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) or an afferent pupillary defect (APD).
Causes of Marcus Gunn Pupil
The most common cause of Marcus Gunn pupil is damage to the optic nerve. This can be caused by a number of conditions, including glaucoma, stroke, multiple sclerosis, brain tumors, trauma to the head, and optic neuritis. Other causes of Marcus Gunn pupil can include certain medications, such as tranquilizers and antihistamines, as well as certain medical conditions, such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and thyroid disorders.
Diagnosis of Marcus Gunn Pupil
The diagnosis of Marcus Gunn pupil is made by performing a visual test called the swinging flashlight test. This test is done by shining a light in one eye and then the other. If one pupil constricts and the other dilates, it is a sign of Marcus Gunn pupil.
Treatment of Marcus Gunn Pupil
There is no specific treatment for Marcus Gunn pupil. Treatment is based on the underlying cause. For example, if glaucoma is the underlying cause, then treatment for glaucoma will be recommended. If there is no known cause, then no treatment is necessary.