What is IGF-1?
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a hormone produced in the liver and other tissues in response to growth hormone (GH) stimulation. It is involved in the regulation of several metabolic processes, such as glucose and lipid metabolism, body composition, and cell growth and differentiation. It is also an important factor in the growth of bones, muscles, and organs.
Causes of High IGF-1 Levels
High IGF-1 levels can be caused by a variety of factors. Excessive production of GH due to a pituitary tumor, liver disease, or certain genetic disorders can lead to elevated IGF-1 levels. IGF-1 levels may also be elevated in people taking certain medications, such as growth hormone or anabolic steroids. In addition, certain lifestyle factors, such as a high-protein diet or a sedentary lifestyle, may contribute to higher IGF-1 levels.
Effects of High IGF-1 Levels
High IGF-1 levels can have both positive and negative effects on health. On one hand, higher IGF-1 levels can result in improved body composition, increased muscle mass, and improved bone density. On the other hand, elevated IGF-1 levels have been linked to increased risk of certain cancers, such as prostate and colorectal cancer.
Testing for High IGF-1 Levels
Testing for high IGF-1 levels is typically done through a blood test. A doctor will usually order a IGF-1 test if they suspect a person may have a pituitary tumor, liver disease, or another condition that can cause elevated IGF-1 levels. The test results will indicate whether or not a person has high IGF-1 levels.
Treatment for High IGF-1 Levels
Treatment for high IGF-1 levels depends on the underlying cause. If the cause is a pituitary tumor, for example, surgery may be necessary to remove the tumor. If the cause is a liver disease, medications may be prescribed to help reduce IGF-1 levels. Lifestyle modifications, such as a healthier diet and regular exercise, can also help lower IGF-1 levels.