Bilateral Tonic Pupils: Definition and Symptoms
Bilateral tonic pupils are a type of pupil abnormality characterized by fixed, dilated pupils that are unresponsive to light. This condition is caused by a disruption of normal parasympathetic nerve activity that regulates pupil size and response to light. Symptoms may include difficulty focusing, vision problems, and headaches.
Causes of Bilateral Tonic Pupils
The exact cause of bilateral tonic pupils is not known. However, there are several possible causes, including:
Drugs: Certain medications, such as anticholinergics, opioids, and tricyclic antidepressants, can cause bilateral tonic pupils.
Brain Injury: Bilateral tonic pupils can be caused by a brain injury, such as a stroke, tumor, or trauma.
Infections: Infections, such as syphilis, can cause bilateral tonic pupils.
Neurological Diseases: Diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, can cause bilateral tonic pupils.
Treatment of Bilateral Tonic Pupils
The treatment for bilateral tonic pupils depends on the underlying cause. If the cause is a medication, the medication should be stopped immediately. If the cause is an infection, it should be treated with antibiotics. If the cause is a neurological disease, medications may be prescribed to treat the underlying condition. In some cases, surgery may be necessary.