Atrial flutter is a type of arrhythmia (irregular heartbeat) that occurs when electrical signals in the heart's upper chambers (atria) cause them to beat too quickly. It is usually caused by an underlying heart condition, such as coronary artery disease, or a medical condition, such as diabetes or a thyroid disorder. It can also be caused by lifestyle factors, such as alcohol use, smoking, or illegal drug use. Treatment for atrial flutter depends on the underlying cause.
Risk Factors for Atrial Flutter
Atrial flutter is more common in people over the age of 50 and in those who have other risk factors, such as high blood pressure, coronary artery disease, diabetes, or a thyroid disorder. People who use alcohol or drugs, such as cocaine or methamphetamine, are also at an increased risk for atrial flutter.
Symptoms of Atrial Flutter
Atrial flutter can cause a variety of symptoms, including a rapid or irregular heartbeat, shortness of breath, chest pain, fatigue, dizziness, and lightheadedness. In some cases, it can also cause fainting or chest palpitations.
Diagnosis of Atrial Flutter
Atrial flutter can be diagnosed through an electrocardiogram (ECG) or echocardiogram. An ECG is used to measure the electrical activity in the heart and can help diagnose atrial flutter. An echocardiogram is an ultrasound of the heart and can be used to measure the heart's performance.
Treatment for Atrial Flutter
Treatment for atrial flutter depends on the underlying cause. In some cases, medications can be used to slow down the heart rate and regulate the heartbeat. In other cases, a procedure called catheter ablation may be necessary to destroy the abnormal electrical signals in the heart. Surgery may also be necessary in some cases.