Asthma is a chronic condition that affects the airways – the tubes that carry air in and out of the lungs. It is a common condition, affecting an estimated 300 million people worldwide. Asthma symptoms can range from mild to severe and can include wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing.
The exact cause of asthma is not known but it is thought to be a combination of genetic factors, environmental triggers, and other underlying conditions.
Genetics can play a role in asthma, as some people may have a genetic predisposition to the condition. This means that their genetic makeup makes them more likely to have asthma than other people.
Environmental triggers can also cause asthma to start. These triggers can include things like allergens such as dust mites, pet fur, and pollen, as well as irritants such as smoke, air pollution, and strong odors.
Other underlying conditions can also contribute to the development of asthma, such as respiratory infections, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and certain medications.
It is important to note that asthma is a chronic condition, meaning that it may never completely go away. However, with treatment, it can be managed and the symptoms can be reduced. Treatment usually involves medications, such as inhalers, and lifestyle changes, such as avoiding triggers and exercising regularly.