Adie's syndrome is a neurological disorder that affects the pupil of the eye, causing it to become abnormally large. It is also sometimes referred to as Adie's tonic pupil or Adie's tonic iris. While the exact cause of the condition is uncertain, it is believed to be related to a disruption of the autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary body functions such as the heartbeat, breathing, and pupil size.
Signs and Symptoms of Adie's Syndrome
The primary symptom of Adie's syndrome is an abnormally large pupil in the affected eye. This pupil may not react normally to light, resulting in a condition known as a tonic pupil. Other symptoms may include reduced or absent deep tendon reflexes in the legs, reduced or absent ankle reflexes, and changes in the sensation of the affected side of the body.
Causes of Adie's Syndrome
The exact cause of Adie's syndrome is unknown. However, it is believed to be related to a disruption of the autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary body functions such as the heartbeat, breathing, and pupil size. It is also suggested that it may be caused by a viral infection, trauma, or a vascular disorder.
Diagnosis of Adie's Syndrome
Adie's syndrome is typically diagnosed based on a physical examination and medical history. An ophthalmologist may use a special test to measure the pupil's reaction to light. Other tests such as an MRI or CT scan may be used to rule out other possible causes of the pupil's abnormal size.
Treatment of Adie's Syndrome
Treatment of Adie's syndrome is typically focused on managing the symptoms. This may include medications to reduce the pupil's size, glasses to improve vision, or physical or occupational therapy to improve strength and coordination. In some cases, surgery may be recommended to correct the pupil's size.