A febrile seizure is a convulsion or seizure brought on by a high fever in a child between the ages of six months and five years. While febrile seizures can be frightening for parents, they are usually harmless and do not cause long-term damage.
The exact cause of febrile seizures is unknown. However, research suggests that the combination of a high fever and a child’s immature nervous system may contribute to their occurrence. A fever triggers an imbalance in the brain’s chemical activity that causes the body to convulse.
Certain factors may increase the risk of a febrile seizure, such as a family history of seizures, a rapid temperature increase, a fever above 102°F (39°C), and a young age. Children who are between six months and two years old are more likely to experience a febrile seizure than older children.
Viral and bacterial infections are the most common triggers of febrile seizures. Common infections that can cause a fever and lead to a seizure include ear infections, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and the flu. Other causes of febrile seizures include vaccinations, dehydration, and a reaction to medication.
Although febrile seizures can be alarming for parents, they usually do not cause long-term damage and resolve on their own. It is important to seek medical attention if your child experiences a seizure, even if it is a febrile seizure. Your doctor will be able to diagnose the cause of the seizure and provide treatment if necessary.