A stillbirth is a devastating event for any family. It is defined as the birth of a baby who has died in the womb after 24 completed weeks of pregnancy. The exact cause of a stillbirth is often unknown, but there are various known risk factors that can play a role in its occurrence.
One potential cause of stillbirth is problems with the placenta. The placenta is the organ that provides oxygen and nutrients to the baby in the womb. If the placenta is not working properly, the baby may not receive the necessary nutrients and oxygen, which can lead to a stillbirth. Placental conditions that can cause stillbirth include placental abruption (where the placenta detaches from the uterus), placental insufficiency (where the placenta does not provide enough oxygen and nutrients to the baby), or placental infection.
Infection is another potential cause of stillbirth. Infections such as urinary tract infections, rubella, and cytomegalovirus can cause a baby to become ill in the womb and lead to a stillbirth. In some cases, a bacterial infection in the mother can cause a stillbirth.
Other causes of stillbirth include problems with the umbilical cord, structural abnormalities in the baby, or growth restriction. The umbilical cord can become compressed, wrapped around the baby, or knotted, restricting the baby’s blood and oxygen supply. Structural abnormalities or birth defects can cause the baby to become stuck in the birth canal and lead to a stillbirth. Growth restriction is when the baby does not grow as expected in the womb. This can be caused by genetic factors, the mother’s health, or the baby’s health.
Finally, certain medical conditions in the mother can increase the risk of stillbirth. These include high blood pressure, diabetes, and autoimmune disorders. It is important for pregnant women to discuss any existing medical conditions with their health care provider to ensure that they are properly managed during pregnancy.
In many cases, the cause of stillbirth is unknown. It is important to remember that stillbirth is not caused by anything the parents did or did not do, and it is not their fault. However, by understanding the potential risk factors, women can take steps to reduce their risk and have a healthy pregnancy.