Cold sores, also known as fever blisters, are caused by the highly contagious herpes simplex virus (HSV). They appear on the skin as small, painful blisters that can be itchy, tingly, and uncomfortable.
Cold sores can be triggered by a variety of factors, including stress, illness, trauma, and certain medications. Stress can be caused by physical or emotional events, such as a stressful job or an argument with a loved one. Illness, such as the common cold or flu, can weaken the body’s immune system and make it more vulnerable to bacterial and viral infections like HSV. Trauma, such as a burn or cut, can also cause a break in the skin, allowing the virus to enter the body. Certain medications, such as immunosuppressants used for autoimmune disorders, can also trigger cold sores.
In addition, exposure to direct sunlight, especially for extended periods of time, can cause cold sores to flare up. This is likely because the ultraviolet radiation from the sun can weaken the immune system and make it more susceptible to viruses. Finally, a weakened immune system due to a lack of sleep, poor nutrition, or excessive alcohol consumption can also trigger cold sores.
In summary, cold sores can be triggered by stress, illness, trauma, certain medications, direct sunlight, and a weakened immune system. It is important to take steps to reduce stress, maintain good health, and protect the skin from the sun to help prevent cold sores.