A blood test may be used to confirm a diagnosis of scleroderma. The test, known as an antinuclear antibody (ANA) test, looks for certain antibodies in the blood that are associated with autoimmune diseases like scleroderma. The antibodies are produced by the body as a reaction to certain proteins and can be used to detect the presence of autoimmune diseases.
In addition to the ANA test, other blood tests may be used to confirm a diagnosis of scleroderma. These include tests for rheumatoid factor, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein. These tests measure inflammation in the body, which is often associated with scleroderma.
If the ANA test is positive, a doctor may order additional tests to look for specific antibodies associated with scleroderma. These tests, such as an anti-topoisomerase I (anti-Scl-70) antibody test, are used to determine the type of scleroderma a patient has.
Finally, a doctor may order a biopsy of affected skin to confirm a diagnosis of scleroderma. A biopsy involves taking a small sample of skin and examining it under a microscope. The biopsy can help to determine the severity of the disease and to rule out other conditions.
In summary, a blood test known as an ANA test, in addition to other blood tests and a skin biopsy, can be used to confirm a diagnosis of scleroderma.