Nutritional diseases are illnesses caused by dietary deficiencies or excesses. These diseases can be caused by either consuming too little of a nutrient, or too much of a nutrient. The two most common nutritional diseases are obesity and anorexia nervosa.
Obesity is a condition in which an individual consumes more calories than they expend, resulting in an accumulation of body fat. It is caused by consuming too many calories from food and beverages that are high in fat and sugars, while not getting enough physical activity. Obesity can lead to a number of serious health conditions, including heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and some forms of cancer.
Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder in which an individual restricts their calorie intake and engages in extreme weight-loss behaviors. It is caused by an obsession with thinness, and an irrational fear of gaining weight. Anorexia nervosa can lead to severe physical and psychological health issues, including disrupted hormone production, hair loss, mental health issues, and even death.
Nutritional diseases can be serious and life-threatening, and it is important for individuals to understand the risks associated with dietary deficiencies and excesses. To prevent these illnesses, it is important to maintain a balanced diet and get regular physical activity.