The three levels of prevention are primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary prevention is the most important and effective form of prevention as it is focused on preventing a disease or disorder from occurring in the first place. This includes efforts to promote healthy behaviors, reduce risk factors, educate the public, and provide access to preventive services. Examples of primary prevention strategies include providing access to vaccinations, increasing physical activity, promoting healthy eating, and providing smoking cessation programs.
Secondary prevention is focused on early detection and treatment of a disease or disorder. This includes screening tests to detect a disease in its early stages, when it is most treatable. Examples of secondary prevention strategies include mammograms for breast cancer, colon cancer screenings, and cholesterol testing.
Tertiary prevention is focused on minimizing the effects of a disease or disorder that has already occurred. This includes providing treatments to minimize the effects of a disease or disorder and helping people to manage chronic conditions. Examples of tertiary prevention strategies include providing physical therapy for stroke victims, providing medications to control blood pressure, providing mental health services for patients with depression, and providing occupational therapy for patients with arthritis. All three levels of prevention are essential in helping people to stay healthy and preventing the spread of disease.