Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the spine and other areas of the body. It is a type of autoimmune disorder that causes inflammation of the spine and the joints and ligaments that attach the vertebrae together. This can lead to a wide range of systemic effects, including pain, fatigue, and stiffness.
The most common systemic effect of ankylosing spondylitis is a decrease in mobility. As the condition progresses, the inflammation and fusion of the spine can lead to decreased flexibility and decreased range of motion. This can cause increased pain and difficulty with movement. It can also lead to a decrease in physical activity, which can have a negative impact on overall health.
Other systemic effects of ankylosing spondylitis include fatigue, weight loss, and digestive issues. Fatigue is often caused by the increased inflammation in the body, as well as the decreased physical activity. Weight loss can also be a result of the decreased physical activity and the associated decreased energy intake. Digestive issues can be caused by inflammation in the digestive tract, as well as by the decreased food intake associated with weight loss.
Ankylosing spondylitis can also affect other organs in the body, such as the heart and lungs. The inflammation can cause narrowing of the airways in the lungs, leading to difficulty breathing and increased risk of respiratory infections. It can also cause inflammation of the heart muscle, which can lead to an irregular heartbeat and increased risk of heart attack.
In addition to the physical effects, ankylosing spondylitis can also have a significant impact on mental health. Many people with the condition experience depression, anxiety, and difficulty sleeping due to the pain and discomfort associated with the condition. The decreased mobility can also lead to feelings of isolation and difficulty participating in activities that were once enjoyed.
Overall, ankylosing spondylitis can have a wide range of systemic effects, both physical and mental. It is important to seek treatment as soon as possible to help reduce the symptoms and improve the quality of life of those affected.