Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome (PGA) is an autoimmune disorder that affects multiple endocrine glands. Symptoms of this syndrome vary depending on the type and extent of gland involvement, but can include fatigue, dizziness, weight loss, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, joint pain, and muscle pain. Additionally, PGA can cause problems with the adrenal glands, resulting in adrenal insufficiency or Addison's disease; the thyroid, resulting in hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism; the parathyroid, resulting in hyperparathyroidism; and the pancreas, resulting in diabetes.
Common symptoms of PGA include fatigue, weight loss, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, joint pain, and muscle pain. Additionally, people with PGA may experience changes in their skin, such as rashes or darkened patches. Other symptoms can include low blood sugar, high potassium levels in the blood (hyperkalemia), low sodium levels in the blood (hyponatremia), and high calcium levels in the blood (hypercalcemia).
The most common symptom of PGA is fatigue, which can be caused by adrenal insufficiency. Other symptoms of adrenal insufficiency include low blood pressure, confusion, nausea, and vomiting. Hypothyroidism can cause fatigue, weight gain, constipation, dry skin, and a feeling of being cold. Hyperthyroidism can cause fatigue, weight loss, rapid heart rate, sweating, and nervousness. Hyperparathyroidism can cause fatigue, joint pain, muscle weakness, and bone loss. Diabetes caused by PGA can cause fatigue, excessive thirst, frequent urination, and blurred vision.
If you think you may have PGA, it is important to see your doctor for a diagnosis. Treatment for PGA can vary depending on the type and extent of gland involvement, but usually involves a combination of medications, diet, and lifestyle changes.