Introduction
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a broad term that refers to conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels. It is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and its prevalence is increasing. Oral manifestations of CVD can provide important clues to underlying pathology and can be used to help diagnose and manage the condition.
Types of Oral Manifestations
The most common oral manifestations of CVD are xerostomia (dry mouth), gingivitis, and periodontitis. Xerostomia is caused by a decrease in the production of saliva, which is necessary for maintaining oral health. It can lead to a variety of dental problems, including increased risk of tooth decay, gum disease, and bad breath.
Gingivitis is an inflammation of the gums that is caused by plaque buildup. It can lead to red, swollen, and tender gums, as well as bleeding when brushing or flossing. If left untreated, it can progress to periodontitis, which is a more severe form of gum disease.
Oral Manifestations of Heart Disease
In addition to the above-mentioned oral manifestations, CVD can also cause oral manifestations related to heart disease. These include swelling of the face, tongue, and lips, as well as difficulty speaking or swallowing. In some cases, the patient may also experience shortness of breath and chest pain.
Conclusion
Oral manifestations of CVD can provide important clues to underlying pathology and can be used to help diagnose and manage the condition. It is important for patients to be aware of these signs and to seek medical attention if they experience any of them. Regular dental check-ups and good oral hygiene practices can help to reduce the risk of developing CVD-related oral manifestations.