Lab results for hemolytic anemia vary depending on the type and severity of the condition. Common tests used to diagnose hemolytic anemia include complete blood count (CBC), reticulocyte count, red cell indices, peripheral blood smear, iron studies, and blood chemistry.
Complete Blood Count (CBC)
The CBC is the most commonly used lab test to diagnose hemolytic anemia. This test measures the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets in a sample of blood. In cases of hemolytic anemia, a CBC typically reveals a decrease in the number of red blood cells, indicating anemia.
Reticulocyte Count
A reticulocyte count is used to measure the number of young red blood cells in the bloodstream. In hemolytic anemia, a reticulocyte count will typically be higher than normal as the body is attempting to compensate for the destruction of red blood cells.
Red Cell Indices
Red cell indices are lab tests that measure the size, shape, and volume of red blood cells. These tests are used to identify the type of hemolytic anemia and determine the cause.
Peripheral Blood Smear
A peripheral blood smear is a lab test used to examine the cells in the blood sample under a microscope. This type of lab test can be used to identify abnormal red blood cells, which can indicate the presence of hemolytic anemia.
Iron Studies
Iron studies are lab tests used to measure the level of iron in the blood. In hemolytic anemia, iron levels may be decreased as the destruction of red blood cells leads to the loss of iron.
Blood Chemistry
Blood chemistry tests are used to measure the levels of certain chemicals in the blood. These tests can be used to identify the presence of hemolytic anemia. Commonly tested chemicals include lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), bilirubin, and haptoglobin.
