Autoimmune hepatitis is a disorder in which the body's immune system attacks the liver, leading to inflammation and damage. It is a chronic, progressive disease that can lead to cirrhosis, liver failure, and other complications. There are two main types of autoimmune hepatitis, type 1 and type 2, which differ in their symptoms, causes, and treatments.
Type 1 autoimmune hepatitis is the most common type, accounting for 75-90% of cases. It is most often seen in young women and is associated with other autoimmune disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and thyroid disease. Symptoms include fatigue, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, and jaundice. Treatment typically involves corticosteroids and immunosuppressants, which help to reduce inflammation and slow the progression of the disease.
Type 2 autoimmune hepatitis is less common than type 1, accounting for only 10-25% of cases. It is more commonly seen in children and adolescents and is not associated with other autoimmune disorders. Symptoms can be similar to type 1, however, they may also include joint pain and rashes. Treatment is similar to type 1, but may also include additional immunosuppressants.
In addition to types 1 and 2, there is also a rare form of autoimmune hepatitis known as type 3. This form is associated with certain genetic mutations and is typically seen in older adults. It is often accompanied by other autoimmune disorders, such as Sjögren's Syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis. Treatment is similar to types 1 and 2, however, additional immunosuppressants may be required.
Overall, autoimmune hepatitis is a complex disorder that can have serious health implications. It is important to seek prompt medical attention if you experience any symptoms, as early diagnosis and treatment can help to prevent further damage to the liver.
