Adhesive capsulitis (AC) is a condition that affects the shoulder joint and can cause a significant amount of pain and limited mobility. It is a common condition that is often seen in individuals over the age of 40 and is caused by a tightening of the capsule around the shoulder joint. The capsule is made up of connective tissue and its purpose is to provide stability to the joint while also allowing movement. When the capsule becomes inflamed, the shoulder joint becomes stiff and painful, and movement is limited.
When AC is present, it can often be accompanied by other conditions, known as comorbidities. These can include rotator cuff tears, bursitis, tendinopathy, calcific tendonitis, and labral tears. Rotator cuff tears involve the muscles and tendons of the shoulder, and can be caused by AC, as the tight capsule prevents the muscles and tendons from being able to move freely. Bursitis is an inflammation of the bursae, which are fluid-filled sacs that cushion the shoulder joint and reduce friction when it moves. Tendinopathy is caused by the irritation of the tendons that attach the muscles to the bone, while calcific tendonitis is the deposition of calcium deposits in the tendons. Finally, labral tears involve the tissue around the shoulder joint and can be caused by the overuse of the joint.
In addition to these physical conditions, AC can also lead to psychological comorbidities. As it can cause a significant amount of pain and limit the movement of the shoulder joint, it can lead to depression and anxiety. It can also lead to decreased self-esteem due to the decreased ability to participate in activities that one may have previously enjoyed.
AC is a condition that is often accompanied by other comorbidities. Physical conditions such as rotator cuff tears, bursitis, tendinopathy, calcific tendonitis, and labral tears can all be seen in individuals with AC. In addition, psychological comorbidities such as depression and anxiety can also be seen in individuals with AC. It is important to seek medical attention if you are experiencing any of the symptoms of AC, as early treatment can help to reduce the severity of the condition and its comorbidities.