Brain tumors in children are typically classified into two categories: primary brain tumors and secondary brain tumors. Primary brain tumors, also known as intrinsic tumors, originate from cells within the brain itself. These tumors are usually classified according to the type of tissue or cell from which they originate. The most common types of primary brain tumors found in children are medulloblastoma, astrocytoma, ependymoma, craniopharyngioma, and primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs).
Medulloblastoma is the most common type of primary brain tumor in children, accounting for 15-20% of all childhood brain tumors. It is a highly malignant tumor that most commonly originates from the cerebellum, the region of the brain responsible for movement and coordination. Medulloblastomas can spread to other parts of the brain and spinal cord, and are often treated with a combination of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy.
Astrocytomas are the second most common type of primary brain tumor in children, accounting for roughly 10-15% of all childhood brain tumors. They originate from astrocytes, a type of glial cell found in the brain, and can occur anywhere in the brain or spinal cord. Astrocytomas are usually classified according to their grade, which can range from low-grade (slow-growing) to high-grade (fast-growing). Treatment typically involves surgery, radiation, and/or chemotherapy.
Ependymomas are the third most common type of primary brain tumor in children, accounting for roughly 10-15% of all childhood brain tumors. They originate from ependymal cells, which line the fluid-filled areas of the brain and spinal cord. Ependymomas are usually low-grade tumors, but can sometimes be high-grade. Treatment typically involves surgery, radiation, and/or chemotherapy.
Craniopharyngiomas are the fourth most common type of primary brain tumor in children, accounting for roughly 5-10% of all childhood brain tumors. They originate from the pituitary gland, which is located at the base of the brain, and can be either benign or malignant. Treatment typically involves surgery and/or radiation.
Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) are the fifth most common type of primary brain tumor in children, accounting for roughly 5-10% of