Ataxia is a neurological disorder that affects coordination, balance, and speech. The condition is caused by damage to the cerebellum, a part of the brain that controls movement. The severity of the disorder varies from person to person, and the effects can range from mild to severe.
What Causes Ataxia?
Ataxia can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetic disorders, infections, toxins, and head injuries. In some cases, the cause of the disorder is unknown.
What Are the Chances of Inheriting Ataxia?
The chances of inheriting ataxia depend on the type of ataxia and the family’s history. Some types of ataxia, such as Friedreich’s ataxia, are inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. This means that a person must inherit two copies of the gene from each parent to have the condition. The chance of inheriting two copies of the gene is 25%.
Inherited ataxia can also be inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. This means that a person only needs to inherit one copy of the gene to have the condition. The chance of inheriting one copy of a gene in an autosomal dominant pattern is 50%.
How Is Ataxia Diagnosed?
Ataxia is usually diagnosed based on a person’s symptoms, a physical exam, and a variety of tests. These tests may include blood tests, genetic testing, nerve conduction studies, and imaging tests. A doctor may also order a lumbar puncture to check for signs of infection or inflammation.
Can Ataxia Be Treated?
Ataxia cannot be cured, but there are treatments available to help manage the symptoms. Physical therapy and occupational therapy can help improve coordination and balance. Speech therapy can help improve communication. Medications can also be used to reduce muscle spasms and improve coordination.