Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a rare disorder that occurs when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys its own red blood cells. This can cause anemia, which is a decrease in the number of red blood cells in the body. AIHA is an acquired disorder, meaning it develops later in life, and can occur at any age. It is also known as autoimmune hemolytic anemia or autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
Causes of AIHA
AIHA is caused by an immune response that targets the body's red blood cells. In some cases, the cause is unknown. In other cases, it may be caused by a defect in the immune system, a viral or bacterial infection, or a reaction to certain medications. AIHA can also occur in people with other autoimmune diseases, such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis.
Symptoms of AIHA
The symptoms of AIHA can vary, depending on the severity of the condition. Common symptoms include fatigue, shortness of breath, pale skin, dark urine, and jaundice. In some cases, AIHA can lead to complications such as heart failure, organ damage, and stroke.
Diagnosis of AIHA
AIHA is generally diagnosed through a combination of blood tests, physical examination, and medical history. Blood tests can help to identify the cause of the condition, while a physical exam can help to determine the severity of the anemia.
Treatment of AIHA
Treatment for AIHA depends on the cause and severity of the condition. In some cases, treatment may include medications to suppress the immune system, or to replace the destroyed red blood cells. In severe cases, a blood transfusion may be necessary. In some cases, surgery may be required to remove the spleen, which is the organ responsible for producing red blood cells.
