Types of Immunization
Immunization is the process of administering vaccines to protect individuals against disease. Vaccines can help protect against many infectious diseases, including those caused by bacteria and viruses. The five types of immunization are active, passive, natural, artificial, and recombinant.
Active Immunization
Active immunization is the most common type of immunization. It involves the administration of a vaccine that stimulates the body's own immune system to produce antibodies that protect against the disease. Examples of active immunization include the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTaP) vaccine, and the polio vaccine.
Passive Immunization
Passive immunization is a technique that involves the injection of antibodies that are produced outside of the body. This type of immunization provides immediate, but short-term protection against the disease. Examples of passive immunization include the hepatitis B vaccine and the rabies vaccine.
Natural Immunization
Natural immunization is a type of immunization that occurs naturally when a person is exposed to a disease. This can occur when a person is exposed to an infected person, animal, or object. This type of immunization does not provide long-term protection against the disease.
Artificial Immunization
Artificial immunization is a type of immunization that involves the administration of a vaccine, which is a weakened or inactivated form of the disease-causing organism. This type of immunization stimulates the body's own immune system to produce antibodies that protect against the disease. Examples of artificial immunization include the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTaP) vaccine, and the polio vaccine.
Recombinant Immunization
Recombinant immunization is a type of immunization that involves the administration of a vaccine that contains genes from the disease-causing organism. This type of immunization stimulates the body's own immune system to produce antibodies that protect against the disease. Examples of recombinant immunization include the hepatitis B vaccine and the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine.