Types of Otitis Media
Otitis media is an inflammation of the middle ear that can affect both children and adults. It can be caused by bacteria or a virus. There are four types of otitis media: acute otitis media (AOM), otitis media with effusion (OME), chronic otitis media (COM), and mastoiditis.
Acute Otitis Media (AOM)
Acute otitis media (AOM) is the most common type of otitis media and occurs when the middle ear becomes infected and inflammation occurs. Symptoms include earache, fever, ear drainage, and hearing loss. Treatment usually includes antibiotics and pain relievers.
Otitis Media with Effusion (OME)
Otitis media with effusion (OME) is the second most common type of otitis media. It occurs when fluid builds up in the middle ear without an infection. Symptoms include a feeling of fullness in the ear, hearing loss, and a decrease in balance. Treatment usually includes antibiotics and decongestants.
Chronic Otitis Media (COM)
Chronic otitis media (COM) is an ongoing condition in which fluid remains in the middle ear for weeks or months. Symptoms include ear drainage, hearing loss, and a decrease in balance. Treatment usually includes antibiotics, decongestants, and steroids.
Mastoiditis
Mastoiditis is a complication of otitis media in which the mastoid bone (located behind the ear) becomes infected. Symptoms include fever, swelling behind the ear, and pain. Treatment usually includes antibiotics and, in some cases, surgery.