Direct Transmission
Direct transmission is the transfer of a disease-causing organism directly from an infected individual to another individual. This can occur in a variety of ways, including through contact with bodily fluids, contact with contaminated objects, or breathing in airborne pathogens. Common examples of direct transmission include kissing, sharing food or drinks, and sexual contact.
Indirect Transmission
Indirect transmission is the transmission of a disease-causing organism indirectly, through an intermediary or vector. This type of transmission can occur when an infected person leaves behind contaminated objects, like clothing or bedding, which can then be picked up by another person. It can also occur when an infected individual sheds infectious particles into the environment, which can then be inhaled or ingested by another individual. Common examples of indirect transmission include contact with contaminated surfaces, contact with contaminated food or water, and contact with insects or animals that are carrying the disease-causing organism.
Vector-Borne Transmission
Vector-borne transmission is the transmission of a disease-causing organism via an animal or insect vector. This type of transmission occurs when an infected animal or insect carries a disease-causing organism from one person to another. Common examples of vector-borne transmission include malaria, which is spread by mosquitoes, and Lyme disease, which is spread by ticks.
Vehicle-Borne Transmission
Vehicle-borne transmission is the transmission of a disease-causing organism through an inert vehicle, such as food, water, or air. This type of transmission occurs when an infected individual contaminates a food or water source with a disease-causing organism, which can then be ingested or inhaled by another individual. Common examples of vehicle-borne transmission include foodborne illnesses, such as salmonellosis, and waterborne illnesses, such as cholera.