Stages of Epstein-Barr Virus
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a member of the herpes virus family and is one of the most common human viruses. Infection with EBV is widespread, and it can cause a range of illnesses that vary from mild to severe. There are four stages of EBV infection: latent, asymptomatic, infectious mononucleosis, and chronic active EBV.
Latent
The latent stage of EBV infection is when the virus is present in the body but does not cause any symptoms. During this stage, the virus is dormant and remains in the cells of the body.
Asymptomatic
The asymptomatic stage of EBV infection occurs when the virus is reactivated and begins to replicate, but the person infected does not show any symptoms. During this stage, the virus can be spread to other people.
Infectious Mononucleosis
Infectious mononucleosis, sometimes called mono, is the most common symptom of EBV infection. Symptoms of mono can range from mild to severe and can include fever, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, and fatigue. In some cases, the spleen can become enlarged.
Chronic Active EBV
Chronic active EBV is the most severe form of EBV infection and is characterized by persistent, long-term symptoms such as fatigue, fever, and swollen lymph nodes. Chronic active EBV can lead to serious complications such as organ damage, and it is more common in people with weakened immune systems.