The three standard treatments of cancer are surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.
Surgery is the oldest and most common form of cancer treatment. It involves removing the tumor and any surrounding tissue that may have been affected by the cancer. Depending on the type and stage of cancer, a surgeon may also perform a lymph node biopsy, which involves taking a sample of lymph nodes to check for the presence of cancer.
Chemotherapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses drugs to destroy cancer cells. It is typically administered as an intravenous (IV) infusion, oral medication, or injection. The drugs used in chemotherapy work by targeting rapidly dividing cells, which can include cancer cells and healthy cells. The goal of chemotherapy is to destroy as many cancer cells as possible while minimizing damage to healthy cells.
Radiation therapy is a form of cancer treatment that uses high-energy beams to destroy cancer cells. It is typically used to treat localized tumors, and is often combined with other cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy or surgery. The beams of radiation are delivered to the tumor from an external source, such as a machine outside the body, or from an internal source, such as a radioactive implant placed inside the body.
These three treatments are the standard treatments for most types of cancer. Depending on the type and stage of cancer, some people may also receive immunotherapy, hormone therapy, stem cell transplants, or targeted therapy. Each patient’s treatment plan is tailored to their specific type of cancer and their needs.