Causes of Autism
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction, and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. While the exact cause of autism is unknown, there are generally accepted to be three main factors that may contribute to the development of ASD: genetics, environment, and brain development.
Genetics
Genetics is believed to play a major role in the development of autism. Studies have identified a number of different genes associated with an increased risk of developing ASD. In some cases, specific genetic mutations have been linked to autism. In other cases, multiple genes may interact in a complex manner to increase the risk of autism.
Environment
Environmental factors may also play a role in the development of autism. These can include exposure to certain toxins or chemicals, or other types of trauma or stress. Some research has suggested that maternal health and nutrition during pregnancy may also be associated with an increased risk of autism.
Brain Development
Abnormalities in brain development have been linked to autism. This can include structural differences in the brain, as well as differences in the way the brain functions. In some cases, these brain differences may be present from birth, while in other cases, they may develop over time.
Although the exact cause of autism is unknown, these three factors are generally accepted as being associated with an increased risk of developing autism. With further research, scientists hope to gain a better understanding of the causes of autism, and how to best treat and manage the condition.