The two main principles of infection control are to prevent the transmission of infections and to reduce the risk of infections.
The first principle is to prevent the spread of infections. This involves recognizing the sources of infections, understanding how infections are spread, and taking steps to prevent their spread. This includes proper hand-washing, using protective clothing and equipment, and preventing contaminated equipment from coming into contact with patients. It also includes proper disposal of contaminated materials, proper cleaning and disinfecting of surfaces and equipment, and proper storage of materials.
The second principle is to reduce the risk of infections. This involves recognizing the factors that can increase the risk of infections, such as overcrowding, poor sanitation, and inadequate ventilation, and taking steps to reduce or eliminate these risks. It also includes immunizing those at risk, controlling pests, and providing adequate ventilation.
These two principles of infection control are essential for the prevention of infections and the reduction of their spread. By following these principles, health care workers can reduce the risk of infection and help to ensure the safety of both patients and staff.