Personality disorders are a type of mental disorder defined by abnormal patterns of thought, behavior, and social interactions. They are typically divided into three categories: Cluster A (eccentric or odd behavior), Cluster B (dramatic, emotional, or erratic behavior), and Cluster C (anxious or fearful behavior). There are 12 distinct personality disorders, which are listed below:
1. Paranoid Personality Disorder: Characterized by paranoia and a distrust of others.
2. Schizoid Personality Disorder: Characterized by a lack of interest in social relationships, as well as a restricted range of emotional expressions.
3. Schizotypal Personality Disorder: Characterized by odd behavior, beliefs, and perceptions.
4. Antisocial Personality Disorder: Characterized by a disregard for the rights of others and a lack of empathy.
5. Borderline Personality Disorder: Characterized by unstable moods, behavior, and relationships.
6. Histrionic Personality Disorder: Characterized by excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior.
7. Narcissistic Personality Disorder: Characterized by an inflated sense of self-importance and a need for admiration.
8. Avoidant Personality Disorder: Characterized by feelings of inadequacy and extreme shyness.
9. Dependent Personality Disorder: Characterized by an excessive need to be taken care of and a fear of being alone.
10. Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder: Characterized by an inflexible adherence to routines and excessive orderliness.
11. Depressive Personality Disorder: Characterized by a pessimistic outlook and a lack of pleasure in life.
12. Anankastic Personality Disorder: Characterized by an excessive need for control and perfectionism.
These personality disorders are diagnosed based on the presence of certain patterns of thought, behavior, and emotional responses. Treatment is typically tailored to the individual and may include psychotherapy, medications, and lifestyle modifications.