Arthritis is a general term used to describe over 100 different conditions that cause joint pain and inflammation. The five most common causes of arthritis are:
1. Age-related wear and tear: One of the most common causes of arthritis is age-related wear and tear of the joints. This type of arthritis, called osteoarthritis, is the result of the natural weakening of cartilage, which cushions the joints and helps them move smoothly. Over time, the cartilage can become worn down, leading to joint pain, stiffness, and swelling.
2. Injury: Joint injuries caused by falls, accidents, or sporting activities can lead to arthritis. Injuries can cause the cartilage in the joint to break down faster than normal, leading to arthritis.
3. Infectious agents: Certain types of infection can lead to arthritis. For example, Lyme disease, caused by the bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi, can cause joint swelling and pain due to the inflammation.
4. Autoimmune disorders: Autoimmune disorders occur when the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues and cells. This can lead to inflammation and pain in the joints, leading to arthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common type of autoimmune arthritis.
5. Genetics: Genetics can also play a role in the development of certain types of arthritis. For example, some people may inherit a gene that makes them more likely to develop rheumatoid arthritis.
Overall, age-related wear and tear, injury, infectious agents, autoimmune disorders, and genetics are the five most common causes of arthritis.