Atypical pathogens are a type of infectious agents that are not classified as typical bacteria or viruses. They include fungi, protozoa, and helminths. Atypical pathogens are responsible for a variety of diseases, including but not limited to:
1. Mycobacterial infections such as tuberculosis and leprosy.
2. Protozoal infections such as malaria, amoebiasis, and toxoplasmosis.
3. Helminthic infections such as ascariasis, hookworm, and schistosomiasis.
4. Fungal infections such as candidiasis and histoplasmosis.
Atypical pathogens are often associated with developing countries due to poor sanitation, inadequate water supplies, and poor hygiene practices. However, atypical pathogens are becoming increasingly more prevalent in developed countries due to the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance. Atypical pathogens are also becoming more common due to the increase in global travel and the emergence of new viruses and bacteria.
Infections caused by atypical pathogens are typically treated with antimicrobial drugs, including antibiotics and antifungals. However, due to the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance, physicians are increasingly relying on other treatments such as vaccines and immune-modulating drugs.
It is important to note that atypical pathogens can present with a wide variety of symptoms, depending on the type of infection and the person’s immune system. Thus, it is important to consult with a physician if you suspect an infection caused by an atypical pathogen.