Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a type of cancer that affects the white blood cells and is the most common type of cancer in children. It is an aggressive and fast-spreading cancer that can spread to other parts of the body quickly. While treatment for ALL can be successful and life-saving, it is important to be aware of the possible risks that survivors may face.
Risk of Recurrence
ALL survivors are at risk of relapse, meaning that the cancer can come back after treatment is finished. The risk of relapse is highest in the first two years after treatment, but it can happen at any time. In general, the risk of relapse is highest in the first five years after treatment, and it decreases with time. All survivors should be monitored closely for signs of recurrence.
Secondary Cancers
ALL survivors are also at risk of developing secondary cancers, which are new types of cancer that develop after treatment. The risk of secondary cancer is highest in the first 10 years after treatment, and it decreases with time. Common types of secondary cancers include acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
Late Effects of Treatment
ALL survivors may also experience late effects of treatment. These are health problems that can occur months or years after treatment. Common late effects of treatment include heart, lung, and kidney problems; infertility; and secondary cancers. ALL survivors should be monitored closely for late effects of treatment.
Psychological Effects
ALL survivors may experience psychological effects such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. These psychological effects can be caused by the trauma of cancer diagnosis and treatment, as well as the fear of recurrence. It is important to seek help for psychological effects, as they can have a negative impact on quality of life.
In conclusion, ALL survivors are at risk of recurrence, secondary cancers, late effects of treatment, and psychological effects. It is important to be aware of these risks and to seek help if needed. Regular follow-up with a doctor is also important to monitor for any signs of recurrence.