1. Nutrition Therapy: Nutrition therapy is a key component of diabetes management. A dietitian can help develop a meal plan that works for the individual, taking into account the person’s food preferences, lifestyle, and other health conditions. The meal plan should include a variety of healthy foods that help keep blood sugar levels in the target range. Eating regularly spaced meals and snacks and following a healthy eating pattern (such as the Mediterranean diet) may help keep blood sugar levels in check.
2. Exercise: Regular physical activity is an important part of managing diabetes. Exercise helps the body use insulin more effectively and can lower blood sugar levels. Any type of physical activity is beneficial, but some types are better for managing diabetes than others. These include aerobic activities like walking, jogging, swimming, and biking, as well as resistance training.
3. Medications: Several types of medications are available to help lower blood sugar levels in people with diabetes. These include insulin, oral medications, and injectable medications. The type and dose of medication used will depend on the individual and the type of diabetes they have.
4. Blood Sugar Monitoring: Regularly monitoring blood sugar levels is an important part of diabetes management. This helps to ensure that blood sugar levels are kept in the target range. Blood sugar can be monitored at home with a glucometer or at a healthcare provider’s office.
5. Self-Management Education: Self-management education is an important part of managing diabetes. This type of education helps individuals learn how to monitor their blood sugar levels, recognize signs and symptoms of high and low blood sugar, and adjust their lifestyle and treatment plan accordingly. Self-management education is available through healthcare providers, diabetes organizations, and online resources.