The five main infection control procedures are hand hygiene, safe injection practices, cleaning and disinfection, sterilization, and personal protective equipment. Hand hygiene is the most important, as it involves washing hands with soap and water or using an alcohol-based sanitizer. Safe injection practices involve disposing of needles and syringes in a safe manner. Cleaning and disinfection involve using a cleaning agent and water to remove dirt and germs from surfaces. Sterilization involves using high temperatures or chemicals to kill all microorganisms on surfaces or in instruments. Finally, personal protective equipment prevents the spread of germs and includes items like face masks, gloves and gowns.