Actinic keratosis (AK) is a common skin condition that occurs in people of all ages but is most common in people age 50 and older. AK is caused by too much exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun and other sources, such as tanning beds. It is characterized by scaly, red patches on the skin that may feel rough or gritty.
Signs and Symptoms of Actinic Keratosis
The most common sign of actinic keratosis is a scaly, red patch on the skin that may feel rough or gritty. The patch may be small or large and it may appear on the face, ears, scalp, arms, hands, or other areas that are often exposed to the sun. Other signs of AK may include:
-Pain or tenderness
-Itching or burning
-Swelling
-A sore that won’t heal
Risk Factors for Actinic Keratosis
People at highest risk for developing actinic keratosis are those who have fair skin and who are exposed to a lot of UV rays. This includes people who work outdoors, live in sunny climates, or spend a lot of time in tanning beds. People who have certain medical conditions, such as xeroderma pigmentosum or albinism, may also be at higher risk for AK.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Actinic Keratosis
Actinic keratosis is usually diagnosed with a physical exam. The doctor may take a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis and to rule out skin cancer. Treatment for AK may include:
-Topical creams or ointments
-Cryosurgery (freezing the AK with liquid nitrogen)
-Laser therapy
-Photodynamic therapy (using light and a special cream to destroy the AK)
If you notice any scaly, red patches on your skin, it’s important to have them checked out by your doctor. Early diagnosis and treatment of actinic keratosis can help prevent the development of skin cancer.