Nasal cancer is typically classified as a type of head and neck cancer, which can occur in any part of the body’s head and neck region, including the sinuses, mouth, throat, and nose. Nasal cancer can start at any age, though it is more common in adults. The average age of diagnosis is between 55 and 64 years old.
The most common type of nasal cancer is squamous cell carcinoma, which usually starts in the nasal cavity or the area around the nose. This type of cancer usually develops slowly, and symptoms may not be present until the cancer has spread to other parts of the body. Symptoms can include a persistent nosebleed, a persistent stuffy nose, a lump or sore that won’t heal, or pain or pressure in the face or nose.
Other types of nasal cancer include adenocarcinoma, which typically starts in the sinuses or the area around the nose; and melanoma, which starts in the cells that produce the pigment in the skin. Melanoma is rare, and is more likely to occur in people with fair skin and a history of sun exposure.
In general, nasal cancer is rare, and the exact cause is unknown. Risk factors can include smoking, drinking alcohol, exposure to certain chemicals and pollutants, and a weakened immune system. Early detection and treatment of nasal cancer is important, and treatment can include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.