Allergic rhinitis, also known as hay fever, is an immune system disorder that affects the nose. It is caused by allergens such as pollen, dust mites, mold, animal dander, and other airborne particles. Allergic rhinitis can occur at any age, although it is more common in children and young adults.
Symptoms of Allergic Rhinitis
The most common symptoms of allergic rhinitis are sneezing, a runny or stuffy nose, itchy and watery eyes, and a scratchy throat. Other symptoms may include headache, fatigue, coughing, and a general feeling of being unwell.
Who is at Risk for Allergic Rhinitis?
Anyone can develop allergic rhinitis, but it is more common in people who have a family history of allergies or asthma. People who live in urban areas with high levels of air pollution may also be at increased risk. Additionally, people who are exposed to certain allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and animal dander are more likely to develop allergic rhinitis.
Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis
The most effective way to treat allergic rhinitis is to avoid exposure to the allergens that trigger the condition. This may involve taking steps such as keeping windows closed during pollen season, using air filters in the house, and keeping pets out of the bedroom.
Medications such as antihistamines, decongestants, and nasal sprays can also be used to relieve symptoms. In severe cases, an allergy shot may be recommended. It is important to talk to a doctor before taking any medications, as some can have serious side effects.
