Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) is a serious condition that can occur when a mother drinks alcohol during pregnancy. It is a leading cause of birth defects and developmental disabilities in the United States. FAS can occur at any age, from before birth to adulthood.
Before Birth
When a mother drinks alcohol during pregnancy, the alcohol can pass through the placenta and enter the baby's bloodstream. This can cause physical and mental birth defects that are known as Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs). These include Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) and other conditions that are similar but less severe. A baby can be born with FAS if the mother drank alcohol during any stage of pregnancy.
Infancy and Childhood
Babies born with FAS may have physical and mental problems that can range from mild to severe. These can include growth and developmental delays, intellectual disability, behavioral problems, and physical malformations. Babies may have a smaller head size, facial abnormalities, and heart and kidney problems. Developmental delays, including delays in speech, motor skills, and learning, can occur in infancy and progress through childhood.
Adolescence and Adulthood
Children with FAS may continue to experience developmental delays and behavioral problems as they enter adolescence and adulthood. They may have difficulty with social skills and managing emotions, and have a higher risk of substance abuse. They may also struggle with learning disabilities and school performance. Adulthood can bring further challenges, such as difficulty finding and maintaining employment, providing for themselves, and living independently.