Thalassemia is a genetic blood disorder, meaning it is intrinsic. It is not caused by external factors such as environmental factors or lifestyle choices, so it is not considered an extrinsic disorder.
What is Thalassemia?
Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder that affects the body's ability to produce hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body. People with thalassemia have a decrease in the production of hemoglobin, which can lead to anemia (low red blood cell count). Thalassemia is caused by a mutation in the genes responsible for hemoglobin production.
Types of Thalassemia
There are two main types of thalassemia: alpha thalassemia and beta thalassemia. Alpha thalassemia occurs when there is a decrease in the production of alpha globin, a type of hemoglobin. Beta thalassemia occurs when there is a decrease in the production of beta globin, another type of hemoglobin.
Symptoms of Thalassemia
The symptoms of thalassemia vary depending on the type and severity of the disorder. Common symptoms of thalassemia include fatigue, pale skin, dark urine, jaundice, and an enlarged spleen. People with more severe forms of thalassemia may experience complications such as heart failure or liver damage.
Treatment of Thalassemia
The treatment of thalassemia depends on the type and severity of the disorder. Treatment may include blood transfusions, iron chelation therapy, or bone marrow transplants. In some cases, lifestyle changes such as avoiding certain foods or activities may be recommended to reduce symptoms.
