Still's disease, also known as juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) or systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (SJRA), is a rare form of inflammatory arthritis that affects children under the age of 16. It is a form of rheumatoid arthritis, which is an autoimmune disorder that causes the body's immune system to mistakenly attack its own healthy tissues, leading to inflammation and joint pain.
The cause of Still's disease is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. It is more common in children of European descent, and it is thought that up to 20% of cases are inherited from one parent. Common symptoms of Still's disease include a sudden high fever, rash, joint pain and swelling, and fatigue. The fever usually lasts for one to three days and can be accompanied by a red, salmon-colored rash that does not itch or hurt.
Treatment for Still's disease typically involves the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen, to reduce inflammation and pain. Corticosteroids, such as prednisone, may also be prescribed to reduce inflammation. In more severe cases, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) may be used to reduce the activity of the immune system. In rare cases, surgery may be required to correct joint damage caused by the disease.
In conclusion, Still's disease is a form of rheumatoid arthritis that affects children under the age of 16. It is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, and the symptoms include fever, rash, joint pain and swelling, and fatigue. Treatment typically involves the use of NSAIDs, corticosteroids, and DMARDs, and in rare cases, surgery may be necessary to correct joint damage.