Spleen Removal Surgery: What to Expect
The spleen is an organ located in the upper left side of the abdomen. Its main function is to filter old and damaged blood cells from the bloodstream. Although not essential for life, the spleen can be life-saving in some circumstances. It can act as a reservoir of red blood cells and platelets, which can be released into the bloodstream in cases of extreme blood loss.
If the spleen becomes damaged or diseased, it may need to be surgically removed. Spleen removal is known as a splenectomy and is a serious operation that carries potential risks. In this article, we will discuss the process of spleen removal and what to expect afterward.
Splenectomy
Splenectomy is the surgical removal of the spleen. This is usually done in cases where the spleen has been damaged due to trauma, infection, or cancer. It may also be done in cases of a blood disorder called idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), which causes the destruction of platelets.
The surgery is usually done under general anesthesia, meaning that the patient is put to sleep during the procedure. The surgeon will make an incision in the patient's abdomen and carefully remove the spleen. The surgery usually takes about two hours, after which the patient is taken to the recovery room.
Risks and Complications
Splenectomy is a major surgery and carries potential risks and complications. These include bleeding, infection, and damage to abdominal organs. There is also a risk of developing a blood clot, called a splenic vein thrombosis. There is also the risk of developing a condition called splenosis, which is the regrowth of the spleen in another part of the abdomen.
Recovery
Recovery from spleen removal surgery can take several weeks. During this time, the patient should take it easy and rest as much as possible. Pain medications may be prescribed to help with any discomfort.
The patient should also take precautions to reduce the risk of infection. This includes avoiding contact with people who have infections, such as colds, flu, or other illnesses. The patient should also make sure to get all recommended vaccinations, as the spleen plays a role in the body's immune system.
Long-term Outlook
The long-term outlook for patients who have had a splenectomy is generally good. The patient's risk of infection may be slightly increased, but this can usually be managed with proper care and precautions. The patient's life expectancy is not affected by the surgery.
In conclusion, spleen removal surgery is a serious operation that carries potential risks. However, the long-term outlook is generally good and the patient can usually return to a normal life after the surgery.